The resultant near-global lockdowns saw an unprecedented pollution decrease. Widespread supply shortages, including food shortages, were caused by supply chain disruption and panic buying. The pandemic triggered severe social and economic disruption around the world, including the largest global recession since the Great Depression. Governmental interventions include travel restrictions, lockdowns, business restrictions and closures, workplace hazard controls, quarantines, testing systems, and tracing contacts of the infected. Treatments include monoclonal antibodies and symptom control. Other recommended preventive measures include social distancing, masking, improving ventilation and air filtration, and quarantining those who have been exposed or are symptomatic. ĬOVID-19 vaccines have been approved and widely distributed in various countries since December 2020.
Mutations have produced many strains (variants) with varying degrees of infectivity and virulence. Infected persons are typically contagious for 10 days, and can spread the virus even if they do not develop symptoms. Transmission can also occur if contaminated fluids reach the eyes, nose or mouth, and, rarely, via contaminated surfaces. The risk of breathing these in is highest when people are in close proximity, but they can be inhaled over longer distances, particularly indoors. COVID‑19 transmits when people breathe in air contaminated by droplets and small airborne particles containing the virus. Severe illness is more likely in elderly patients and those with certain underlying medical conditions. As of 13 January 2022, the pandemic had caused more than 317 million cases and 5.51 million deaths, making it one of the deadliest in history.ĬOVID-19 symptoms range from undetectable to deadly. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020 and a pandemic on 11 March 2020. The novel virus was first identified from an outbreak in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019, and attempts to contain it there failed, allowing it to spread across the globe. The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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